Kounye a, endistri manifakti fotovoltaik Ewopeyen an se sou wout pou rajenisman. John Lindahl, Sekretè -Jeneral Konsèy Faktori Solè Ewopeyen an, analize defi ak opòtinite manifaktirè fotovoltaik Ewopeyen yo fè fas ak eksplore kijan pou fòme yon seri objektif pou yon chèn endistri fotovoltaik konplè 100GW pa 2030. .
In 2021, Meyer Burger's 400MW solar module line was officially launched. By 2022, its battery line will expand to 1.4GW, and its module line will expand to 1GW. The final annual production target is 5GW.
While Europe remains one of the world's largest PV installation markets, its once-booming PV manufacturing industry was stalled about a decade ago by rapidly rising Asian rivals.
In 2021, the EU reached an agreement on climate targets to cut net carbon emissions by 55 percent by 2030. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of the level of solar energy utilization and the increasingly prominent issue of sustainable development, in the past few years, the call for reviving the EU's photovoltaic manufacturing capacity has become more and more loud. Perhaps, 2022 will give the answer.
In April last year, the European Solar Manufacturing Council (ESMC) said that at least 75 percent of Europe's PV demand should be produced in Europe. However, according to data released by the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE) in its 2021 Photovoltaic Report, although European polysilicon production capacity is 22.1GW in 2020, solar wafer production capacity is only 1.25GW, and solar cell production capacity is only 1.25GW. It is 650MW, and the solar module capacity is 6.75GW. Therefore, there is still a long way to go to realize the revival of the EU photovoltaic manufacturing industry.
Anba la a se yon analiz pa Johan Lindahl, Sekretè Jeneral Konsèy Ewopeyen fabrikasyon Solè ESMC, sou eta aktyèl devlopman PV an Ewòp, defi yo ak opòtinite yo fè fas a manifaktirè PV, ak idantifye plan yo reyalize kapasite GW-echèl.
1. Defi:
1) China's intangible and extensive grants, loans, credits and tax support;
2) Sipò sibvansyon evidan ak anpil nan men Etazini ak peyi Zend;
3) Deplwaman teknoloji inovasyon fotovoltaik Inyon Ewopeyen an nan mache lokal la limite, epi dwa pwopriyete entelektyèl ak patant yo pa byen pwoteje nan mache ekstèn Inyon Ewopeyen an;
4) Fabrikasyon fotovoltaik Ewopeyen an ak estanda travay yo strik, men pa gen okenn estanda korespondan nan mache ekstèn Inyon Ewopeyen an;
5) Potansyèlman pi wo pri modil PV ak pwoblèm chèn ekipman yo se yon pwoblèm estriktirèl.
2. Opòtinite:
1) European PV industry production becomes cost-competitive. The price difference between European and Asian products has narrowed due to the current significant increase in production and shipping costs and delivery times for Asian products. For European PV manufacturing to be price-competitive, two conditions must exist, namely GW-scale manufacturing capacity; and a complete European manufacturing value chain. The EU needs to keep the value chain intact to meet at least part of our needs that don't need to be imported, despite the fact that imports are of course still an important factor.
2) Ewòp toujou dirijan nan inovasyon teknoloji PV, men sèlman si baz manifakti endistriyèl la toujou egziste. Teknoloji tradisyonèl sifas aliminyòm selil solè (Al BSF) gen yon efikasite konvèsyon 18-22 pousan epi li aktyèlman ap ranplase pa teknoloji PERC ak teknoloji evolisyon li yo, ki pèmèt efikasite selil solè rive 20{{6} }24 pousan , pandan y ap pwodiksyon liy ajou koute modere. Ki baze sou teknoloji heterojunction (HJT) oswa TOPCon, twazyèm jenerasyon selil fotovoltaik ki gen efikasite segondè -ap reyalize 23-26 pousan efikasite. Kounye a, pri pwodiksyon li yo se menm jan ak selil PERC, tou de nan 20-30 santim/Wp. Batri ki gen gwo efikasite pèmèt yon pri konpetitif oswa menm pi ba nan jenerasyon elektrisite menm ak pri eleman ki pi wo. Nan lavni an, ka gen plis amelyorasyon teknolojik, tankou selil tandem perovskite-Silisyòm ak efikasite ki depase 30 pousan. Avansman teknolojik sa yo toujou ap dirije wout la nan Ewòp, pave wout la pou deplwaman mondyal terawatt-echèl PV.
3) Kad politik devlopman alontèm -pou enèji renouvlab an Ewòp te etabli. Ewopeyen Green Deal la ak vag inovasyon te bati konfyans pou envestisè ak devlopè yo.
4) The emergence of sustainable, carbon-neutral eco-design concepts and specific standards under consideration, including recently announced measures to address distortions in foreign subsidies in the EU market, are the driving force behind the EU's transition to a green and innovative energy system and economy. Growing customer concerns about carbon footprints will have a structural impact on PV manufacturing. Compared to current Asian products, using PV modules produced in Europe reduces carbon consumption, avoids long-distance transportation, and better eco-design parameters. The importance of this aspect will increase over the next few years.
5) Nouvo metòd deplwaman ki enkòpore konsèp fotovoltaik nan sistèm entegre pèmèt manifakti fotovoltaik Ewopeyen an reyalize yon avantaj konpetitif potansyèl. Plizyè solisyon inovatè yo ap devlope ak grandi rapidman nan divès domèn, tankou Building plis fotovoltaik (BIPV), Veyikil plis fotovoltaik (VIPV), Kò k ap flote plis fotovoltaik (FPV) ak Agrikilti plis fotovoltaik (APV). Manifaktirè PV Ewopeyen yo ka benefisye de bezwen espesifik Ewopeyen yo ak lokal yo, kòm sistèm entegre yo mande pou plis solisyon endividyèl.
3. Pwopòsyon nan kapasite pwodiksyon mondyal endistri fotovoltaik Ewopeyen an nan chak lyen nan chèn endistri a nan 2020 se jan sa a:
1. 11 pousan nan pwodiksyon mondyal PV Silisyòm: 22.1GW kapasite (Elkem ak Wacker)
2. 1 pousan nan pwodiksyon mondyal PV Silisyòm solè wafer: 1.25GW kapasite (Norsun, Norwegian Crystals ak EDF Photowatt)
3. 0.4 pousan nan pwodiksyon selil fotovoltaik Silisyòm mondyal: 0.65GW kapasite (Solitek/Valoe, Enel, Ecosolifer)
4. 3 pousan nan pwodiksyon modil mondyal: kapasite 6.75GW (29 konpayi diferan)
5. 25 pousan nan pwodiksyon varyateur.
In the above scenario, Europe's installed PV capacity in 2020 accounts for 15 percent of the global total. Therefore, if Europe wants to become self-reliant, it needs to step up the production of wafers, cells and modules.
Currently, Europe has a very negative trade deficit in photovoltaic cells and modules. The table below shows the total value of import and export trade of photosensitive semiconductor devices (including photovoltaic cells assembled into modules or panels) and light-emitting diodes in Europe.
与此原文有关的更多信息要查看其他翻译信息,您必须输入相应原文
发送反